Improvement in garden-rakes



anni mit,

LUTHERSISSON, or NORTH EASTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

'y 4Lettms Patent No. 102,97 {hda/ted May 10, 1870.

IMPROVEMENT IN GARDEN-RAKES.

' The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patentan. making part of the same.

lo all whom it may concern Be it known 4that I, LUTHER Bisson, of Northv Easton, in the `county of Bristol and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Rakes and Tined Implements; and I do hereby declare that the following, takeuin connection with the drawings which accompany and form, part of this specification, `is a description of my invention snicient to enable those skilled inthe art to'practice it.-

My invention-relates particularly to the manufacture of that class of garden-rakes in which the teeth are integral with the bar or cross-head iiom which theyV project,

As heretoforeor ordinarily-made, the teeth are forged or drawn out from the bar (in forged Takes)V or are Vcast with the bar when'made of malleable iron.

The teeth of such rakesare always somewhat weak,` and this is especially the case with the' cast-metal rakes, which have proved to be of but very little value,l

In my inveutioml make the rakev from 'a plate of steel, punching out the metal so as to leave angular. projections from the tooth-bar or cross-head, which projections are twisted aquarter-turn at the points where they ,spring from'tlle bar, thus forming teeth,4

i veachV of `which is of 'the thickness ofthe plate from which itis punched, (from pointA to head,) but of an increasing width from point to head, the tw-ist giving greatstength to-the teeth to'resist both lateral and lengthwise strain, while the thinncss and uniform.y thinness of each tooth, inthe direction inwliichthe 4rake is to be moved, enables itlto sink' readily into the soil and run-easily through it; p

lines of dung-forks may be similarly made; and

My invention consists primaily in a toothed or tined implement, having its teeth. punched from platevmetal, and as projections from the head, such teeth or tines being` subsequently twisted `a quarter-turn at their points of union with the barvor head from which they project.' y

IThe drawings represent -a rake embodying my improvement. l

`A"shows a rear elevationof the rake.

B, an end view of it. i

O shows the punched blank before the teeth are turned.J j

a denotes the bar or crossehead,

l, the teeth, and

c, the handle-Shank.

lo form the teeth, 'I take a piece of plate-steel of the proper width, and, by a suitable punch, I cnt ont therefromv the metal, lso as to leave a blank or-bar with teeth projecting therefrom, as seen at O. yI then, by suitable. mechanism, impart a twist to all these projections at their wide or upper ends, where they join the angularity given to it in punchng,.as seen at B, `the metal being quite wide where it springs from the bar, as seen at O, Aand having great strength imparted to it (by reason of the twist) .to resist' all strains; All thesideS of the series ot teeth are parallel, as seen at A, so that the rake runs very easily, as before observed. Y y

' In the manufacture of these rakes, it will be obvious that two blanks maybe punched from one plate,

the teeth of' one being punched out of the metal be tween the teeth ofthe other. p

Rakes thus made are not only stronger than forged rakes, b ut are lighter' and of less cost.

I am aware that mold-boards of cultivatorshave been formed, (as shown in United States patent No. 9,314) by cutting a series of slits in one edge of a metal plate and bending up one corner of each part formed by the incisions. I am also'aware that teeth of manure-forks have been twisted in drawing them. I am further aware that tis notnew to punch out toothed'blanks so as to form two comb-like blanks at Vone operation; and I 'do not claim so punching out blanks, nor drawing and twisting the teeth of tined implements, nor forming mold-boards or teeth, as shown in such patent No. 9,314.

. I claim a rake in which (the blank'being formed by punchingout the metal between the teeth-forming portion) each tooth is twisted a quarter-twist where it joins the cross-head, as shown and described.

. LUTHER SISSON.

vWitnesses:

LEWIS H. SMITH, JAMES HUMPHREX. 

